The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.